تقرير اخذت عنه 1010
واني اللي عملته والله شاهد على كلامي
بس المعلومات من الانترنت وفي بعض الاقتباسات من الانترنت
The Desert
Introduction:
Everybody knows what the desert is.Desrts cover about 40% of the world land area.1
Some of them are hot desert like the Empty Quarter, others are cold like Tundra.I show the common features of the desert in general .Some deserts are sandy others are rocky while the second type of it are full of snow.Deserts Animals endure lack of water especially camels. The Empty Quarter is a famous pattern of hot desert.
Type of Deserts
Deserts take up one third of the earths land surface they are often composed of sand and rocky surfaces.S and dunes called erge and stony surface called Hamada surface,compose aminority of deserts surface. Exposures of rocky terrain are typical, and reflect minimal soil development and sparseness of vegetation.there are different froms of deserts.Cold deserts can be coverd in snow.Such locations dont recieve much precipitation and what does fall remains frozen as snow pack These are more commonly referred to as tundra if ashort season of above freezing temperture is experienced.the tundra is almost completely lifeless.
Desert are usually very dry even the wettest deserts get less than 10 inches of precipitation a year.In most places ,rain falls steadily thoughout the year,but in the desert,there may be only afew periods of rains per year with alot of time between rains.when it does rain,there may be quite a down pour after the rain,desert flowers bloom.
The areas in the far north near the north pole get between 15 and 24 cm of rain per year, about much as the Arabian Desert.So it is also a desert.The Tundra covers about 20% of the world. it is called a polar desert or cold desert.It doesnt have sand.It has no camels,and there are no oases because all the water is frozen solid for almost 10 months of the year.Some animals can survive the cold winters. they have heavy fur and plenty of blubber.Eskimos,people who live on the Candian Tundra ,make round houses from snow and ice called igloos.They travel on sleds pulled by dogs.
Etymology
The English, French (désert), Spanish (desierto), Italian (deserto), all come from the Latin desertum, meaning "an unpopulated place." This in turn is derived from the Egyptian word dSr.t, which literally means "red land" and refers to the desert.
Terminology
Deserts where vegetation cover is exceedingly sparse correspond to the ‘hyperarid’ regions of the earth, where rainfall is exceedingly rare and infrequent.
Deserts are part of a wider classification of regions that, on an average annual basis, have a moisture deficit (i.e. they can potentially lose more than is received). These areas are collectively called ‘ drylands’ and extend over almost a third of the earth’s land surface. Because desert is a vague term, the use of ‘dryland’, and its subdivisions of hyper arid, arid, semiarid and dry-subhumid, is preferred in some con$$$$s, and is approved by the United nations.
Desert Animals
Animals in the desert must survive in a hostile environment. Intense heat, searing sun, and lack of water are just a few of the challenges facing desert animals.
Animals that live in the hot desert have many adaptations. Some animals never drink, but get their water from seeds (some can contain up to 50% water) and plants. Many animals are nocturnal, sleeping during the hot day and only coming out at night to eat and hunt. Some animals rarely spend any time above ground. The Empty Quarter has lots of birds and butterflies,there are many reptiles like snakes and lizards.The most famous animals are scorpions and spiders because some of them are dangerous .Camels have been used for travelling and they are called "ships of the deserts".The bedouin (desert people) get many things from camels such as milk,meet and skin.They enjoy camel races as well.1
The Empty Quarter
most people in the world know that the Empty Quarter has more than one name like The Rub’ al Khali and the place from where there is no return . it is one of the largest sand desert in the world including southern Saudi Arabia , and areas of Oman,
the United Arab Emirates and Yemen.I s one of the most inhospitable places on earth, and entirely uninhabitable.1 With summer temperatures up to nearly 55 degrees at noon, and dunes taller than the Eiffel Tower — over 330 meters
This area is characterized by a vast expanse of sand covering this place.These shifting sand have been the object of fascination through countries. In the past Bedouin caravans crossed the Rub’ al Khali .at times completely disappearing into the sand spilling across four Arab Nations the worlds largest sand desert has been defined as much by bedouin tradition as by geography now. Oil and politics are changing the definition .T he Empty Quarter is one of the most oil rich places in the world. Vast oil reserves have been discoverd underneath the sand stacks Ghawwar field is the largest oil field in the world,extends southward into the northern.1I n recent years,there is anew tendency to improve tourism in desert.Some tourism agencies are responsible to arrange such tour around the Empty Quarter .They offer delicious buffets ,henna drawing,accomodation in oeases. Visiting old places in or near the desert and Camel races.This tour is called safari.1
Conclusion
Most people in the world know that desert suffer from lack of water ,very hot during the day,cool at night. nomads move around with their families and animals.They use the Silk Road before learning how to sail. This poor area became rich.The desert which is part of this place in the world bring fortune to their people.They became wealthy because they found oil and other minerals.1
references:
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