تقرير عن التدخين بسرعه الصف_العاشر 2024.

29/10/2007

Teacher: Mustafa
Std.Name: Hazaa Al Dahree
Section: First / A
School: National Al-Mashael Private School

Introduction
It is a known fact that tobacco smoking has many disadvantages! Medical research has found that smoking is a major factor for developing several health problems such as lung cancer, emphysema, cardiovascular disease…It is also known fact that this tobacco smoke contains stimulant nicotine which forms a strong physical and psychological chemical addiction. Although not too many people know about this- the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention believe that nicotine can be as addictive as heroin or cocaine. Nicotine is vasoconstrictor and a nerve toxin, it has been classified as a class I insecticide.
How this dependence is usually developed? Well, this addiction is definitely strongest when tobacco smoke is inhaled into the lungs. Several studies done in the past have proven that Nicotine is typically eliminated from the body within 2 to 3 days, but it is also proven that physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms may last for much longer.
Tobacco toxins
It is proven that there are over 4000 chemicals in tobacco with 100 identified poisons and 63 known carcinogens -drugs which cause cancer. The most talked about drug in tobacco is nicotine but there are other also which include:
• Arsenic,
• Cyanide,
• Carbon monoxide (found in car exhaust fumes)
• Formaldehyde (used to embalm bodies),
• Ammonia Bromide (a toilet cleaner )
Incidence of smoking
It is a known fact that each year, because of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, an estimated 3,000 nonsmoking Americans die of lung cancer, and 300,000 children suffer from lower respiratory tract infections
More than 5 million children living today will die prematurely because of a decision to use tobacco and smoke cigarettes. More than 3 million young people under age 18smoke half a billion cigarettes each year and that more than one-half of them consider themselves dependent upon cigarettes.
Health affects of smoking tobacco those nine effectives
The health effects of tobacco smoking are related to direct tobacco smoking, as well as passive smoking, inhalation of environmental or secondhand tobacco smoke. It is a fact that when cigarette smoke is inhaled, thousands of chemicals get into your bloodstream and travel throughout your body. These chemicals cause damages to different parts of the body:
1-Eyes
It is proven that different chemicals in tobacco can cause damage to the macula, which represents the most sensitive part of the retina. How this happens? Well, those tiny blood vessels can burst through the macula, leading to irreversible damage. Not only that – smoking also causes morphological and functional changes to the lens and retina due to its atherosclerotic and thrombotic effects on the ocular capillaries.
2-Digestive system
Although most smokers don’t think about this- it is a fact that smoking is a risk factor for all cancers associated with the larynx, oral cavity and esophagus. There is no doubt that heavy smokers have laryngeal cancer mortality risks 20 to 30 times greater than non-smokers.
3-Heart and circulation
Smoking has two main effects on heart and circulations are
• an increase in your heartbeat rate,
• a sharp rise in blood pressure
This happens because nicotine attacks directly the nerves, causing the heart rate to rise and blood vessels to constrict. Because smokers have lungs filled with those dangerous fumes- it means that the heart has to pump harder to get enough oxygen to the rest of the body. Smoking can also increase in the blood cholesterol and fibrinogen levels. The heart and circulation attacks caused by smoking include:
• Coronary heart disease (CHD),
• Aneurysm,
• Peripheral vascular disease (PVD),
• stroke
4-Lungs
There is no doubt that the tar $$$$$$$ of cigarette smoke directly damages the cells in the airways of the lung. This can eventually cause cancer of the lung or larynx. It can also lead to chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Several factors are contributing the lung cancer:
• the daily dose of tobacco;
• the duration of regular smoking and
• the form in which tobacco is smoked

After Smoking Before Smoking
5-Brain
Because smoking has linked to the buildup of fatty substances in the carotid artery, the main neck artery supplying blood to the brain, it represent one of the most important factors for developing stroke. Not only that –nicotine also
• raises blood pressure;
• carbon monoxide reduces the amount of oxygen blood can carry to the brain;
• cigarette smoke makes the blood thicker and more likely to clot
6-Digestive system
Smoking has been shown to have harmful effects on all parts of the digestive system, contributing to developing of many diseases such as:
• Heartburn
• Peptic ulcers
• Crohn’s disease
• Gallstones
• stomach cancer
7-Liver and pancreas
Not too many smokers know that almost half of all the bladder and kidney cancer in men are caused by smoking.
8-Skin and hair
Smoking can danger the skin, mainly one substance called collagen which keeps the skin elastic. Smokers get more and deeper wrinkles all over their faces because nicotine constricts the tiny capillaries that nourish the skin. Not only that – smokers are also prone to premature thinning and graying of the hair.

9-Bone and muscles
It is proven that tobacco smoke chemicals are poisons that inhibit the development of new tissue cells. The tissue of smokers does not get an adequate blood supply to promote healing, thus smokers are at a much higher risk of developing osteoporosis.
Smoking Is Expensive!!!
Beside the fact that smoking does cause damage health, it could be very expensive habit! Depending on where smoker live, smoking a pack of cigarettes a day can cost about $1,800 dollars a year.
Dangers of second-hand smoking
Passive smoking is breathing in environmental tobacco smoke, which consists of smoke directly from the burning tobacco and exhaled mainstream smoke.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention claim that about 90 percent of nonsmoking people in the United States are exposed to environmental or second-hand tobacco smoke. It is proven that constant exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, in the workplace or home, nearly doubles the risk of having a heart attack. American Heart Association’s Council on Cardiopulmonary and Critical Care have published a study in which they claim that environmental tobacco smoke is a major preventable cause of cardiovascular disease and death. The statement urges that environmental smoke be treated as an environmental toxin, and that ways be found to protect workers and the public from this health hazard.The following health problems have been associated with second-hand smoking:
• asthma in children
• lower respiratory tract infections
• lung cancer
• Coronary heart disease.
Second-hand smoke appears to present an equal danger to the fetus.
Withdrawal symptoms
Smokers continue to smoke in order to avoid withdrawal symptoms, which can be very unpleasant. Withdrawal can bring about physical and emotional changes, which may include:
• Cravings
• Irritability, frustration, depression and/or anxiety
• Restlessness
• Difficulty concentrating
• Changed sleeping patterns
• Increase in appetite and weight gain
• Coughing.
Withdrawal symptoms are all signs that the body is recovering and getting used to living without nicotine. On average, most symptoms are gone within two to four weeks. Heavy smokers may have some symptoms for a few more weeks.

Summary
• Person shouldn’t smoke any number or any kind of cigarette, because smoking even a few cigarettes a day can hurt health. If you try to smoke fewer cigarettes, but do not stop completely, soon you’ll be smoking the same amount again.
• Quitting smoking isn’t easy! Person that’s planning to quit should know that it will take effort to quit smoking. Nicotine is habit forming and almost half of the battle in quitting knows you need to quit. There are many ways smokers quit, including using nicotine replacement products (gum and patches). Nearly all smokers have some feelings of nicotine withdrawal when they try to quit.
• Half of all adult smokers have quit, so you can too- that’s the truth! That’s the good news. There are millions of people alive today who have learned to face life without a cigarette. For staying healthy, quitting smoking is the best step you can take.
• If you need help- do it! Many groups offer written materials, programs, and advice to help smokers quit for good.
Avoid temptation! In the difficult first few days you can change your routine to avoid situations where you would usually smoke.

Reference

1- www.healthworld.com
2-www.nosmoking/hazard.html
3- essay about smoking in Al-Ithad newspapers’

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